嘿作家們, 答案如下。對一下囉！
p.5-6
Exercise 1.
Q11 - that
Q12 – who (正統嚴格的文法中，that前面不可有逗點。)
Q13 - which
Q14 - whose
Q15 -that
Q16 - ---
Q17 - whose
Q18 - which
Q19 - that
Q20 - that
Q21 - whose
Q22 - ---
Q23 - that
Q24 - whose
Q25 - which
Q26 - where
Q27 - that
Q28 - that
Q29 - that
Q30 - who
Exercise 2.
1. ...which was standing on the table?
2. ...where I used to study.
3. ...which is the best in town.
4. ...whose native language is not English.
5. ...when he got injured.
6. ...where they live....
7. ...which is made of several different colors.
8. ...whose pen you borrowed....
9. ...which are drinking in the river.
10. ...whose father is sick....
11. ...which you gave me.
12. ...who died in 1626.
13. ...whose name I have forgotten....
14. ...which is under my bed.
15. ...whom every student is afraid of....
16. ...where I was born.
In which questions can the relative pronoun be omitted?
Q11, Q15
p. 7
1) whenever
2) whoever
3) Whatever
4) whichever
5) whatever
6) however
7) wherever
8) Whoever
9) whenever
10) whatever
11) wherever
另有 Independent sample essay 在 Bonus Material 裡 ! <點擊連結>
Integrated Practice
Script
The reading is correct in pointing out the problems associated with oil-powered cars.
Yes, oil is a finite resource, and yes, burning oil harms the environment.
However, the reading is way too optimistic in its assessment of hydrogen-based fuel-cell engines.
Hydrogen is not the solution to these problems.
First, hydrogen is not as easily available as the passage indicates.
Although it's present in common substances like water, it's not directly usable in that form.
For use in a fuel-cell engine, hydrogen must first be obtained in a pure liquid state.
This pure liquid hydrogen is a highly artificial substance.
It's technologically very difficult to produce and store liquid hydrogen.
For example, it must be kept very very cold at minus 253 degrees Celsius.
Imagine the elaborate cooling technology that's required for that! So hydrogen is not such a practical and easily available substance, is it?
Second, using hydrogen would not solve the pollution problems associated with cars.
Why? Producing pure hydrogen creates a lot of pollution.
To get pure hydrogen from water or natural gas, you have to use a purification process that requires lots of energy that's obtained by burning coal or oil.
And burning coal and oil creates lots of pollution.
So although the cars would not pollute, the factories that generated the hydrogen for the cars would pollute.
Third, there won't necessarily be any cost savings when you consider how expensive it is to manufacture the fuel-cell engine.
That's because fuel-cell engines require components made of platinum, a very rare and expensive metal.
Without the platinum components in the engine, the hydrogen doesn't undergo the chemical reaction that produces the electricity to power the automobile.
All the efforts to replace platinum with a cheaper material have so far been unsuccessful.
Sample Answer: (by Holly Lin) <280 words>
The author mentions three advantages associated with the usage of hydrogen-based fuel-cell engines over their traditional counterparts, which makes him believe that the former will soon replace the latter. Yet the professor states that the writer is too optimistic and presents the following three counterpoints.
First, the article points out that petroleum is a finite resource, unlike hydrogen, which is a readily available substance that can be extracted from various sources, including gas and water. However, the lecturer refutes this notion by reminding that hydrogen is not directly usable, since it must first be obtained in a pure liquid state, meaning that the temperature must be kept at minus 253 degrees, to be more precise. Therefore hydrogen is not so easily accessible after all.
Second, the reading passage mentions that hydrogen-based fuel cells will practically solve pollution problems since their only by-product is water, compared to carbon dioxide produced by internal-combustion engines. Nevertheless, the listening passage reminds that although it is true that cars running on hydrogen will not create pollution, the process of producing this power source will. That is because factories need to undergo a purification process to produce hydrogen, and the process involves burning coal or oil, which will still be harmful to our environment.
Third, the writer believes that the fuel-cell engine will soon be economically competitive due to its relative efficiency. On the contrary, the speaker states otherwise, since fuel-cell engines are actually expensive to manufacture, because they require platinum as a component, and this element is rather costly. Without platinum, the chemical reaction needed to make the car functional will not occur, and so far no other material has been successful at replacing platinum.
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